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Al-Nabi Rubin ((アラビア語:النبي روبين), transliteation: ''an-Nabî Rûbîn'') was a Palestinian village in central Palestine, located west of Ramla,〔(Welcome to al-Nabi Rubin ) Palestine Remembered.〕 just northeast of Yibna and south of Jaffa.〔 The village was situated on the southern banks of Wadi al-Sarar, known in Hebrew as Sorek Stream, at an elevation of above sea level. Nabi Rubin is named after a shrine in the village, believed by Muslims to be the tomb of Reuben.〔 It was captured by the Israel Defense Forces during the 1948 Arab-Israeli War, and the inhabitants were expelled. ==History== Nabi Rubin was a place of trade between Crusaders and Muslims prior to it being inhabited. In 1184, it held a fair where Arab merchants from Damascus traded slaves, Persian and Kurdish-bred horses, weapons, and blades from Yemen and India, with Christians from Acre. This trade continued until wars between the Mamluks and Crusaders commenced in the 13th century.〔Conder, 1886, pp.447–448.〕 The Mamluk governor of Jerusalem built a mosque and shrine there in the early 15th century. Islamic judge Mujir ad-Din wrote in 1495 it "is a tomb of our Reuben," thereon crystallizing in local Muslim tradition that the site is the burial place of Reuben, son of Jacob and Leah. Despite popular belief, the tomb may possibly be that of an Arab sheikh.〔Gonen, 2000, p.209.〕 Walid Khalidi writes that it is believed that the shrine for al-Nabi Rubin was built in the same place where a Canaanite temple had once stood, and that the ''mawsim'' ("religious festival") itself was pagan in origin.〔Khalidi, 1992, p. 401.〕 The Nabi Rubin ''mawsim'' was one of two prominent ''mawsims'' for Old Testament prophets in Palestine—the other being dedicated to Nabi Musa ("the prophet Moses") near Jericho.〔Khalidi, 1992, p.403〕 The site comprised a mosque, a minaret, (now demolished), and a maqam, as well as at least nine wells dispersed in the sand dunes nearby.〔Petersen, 2001, p.229.〕 The oldest part of the present structure is the maqam, which, according to an inscription, was built under the orders of the governor Timraz al-Mu'ayyadi between 1436 and 1437 C.E. A cross-vaulted room to the east was built slightly later, possibly in the 16th century. The rest of the complex was built in the later Ottoman period, probably in the 19th century.〔Petersen, 2001, p. 232.〕 Since at least the 17th century, Muslims from Jaffa, Ramla, Lydda, and the towns and villages surrounding these cities, flocked to Nabi Rubin to celebrate the ''mawsim''.〔Benvenisti, 2000, p. (274 )〕 In 1816, an English traveler, Charles Leonard Irby, visited the "Sheik Rubin´s tomb, surrounded by a square wall, inclosing some trees". He also describes that () people paid vows at the shrine and celebrated festivals there.〔Irby, 1852, (p.57 )〕 Up to 30,000 people made the pilgrimage annually throughout the month of August.ref name=Benvenisti274/> Temporary coffeehouses, restaurants, and stalls selling food and other merchandise were set up, and people sang popular songs, — both religious and nationalist — and danced the traditional ''dabka''. Sufi dervishes held ''dhikr'' sessions, and pilgrims also watched horse races, magic shows and listened to sermons from ''imams'' and poets. City wives, who virtually never socialized outside households, in particular "craved participation in the festival," and Tawfiq Canaan writes that they would announce to their husbands "Either you take me to Nabi Rubin, or you divorce me."〔Benvenisti, 2000, pp. (274 )–276.〕 In 1933, during the Nabi Rubin celebrations, Arabs went on strike and rioted against British Mandatory rule.〔Liebreich, 2005, p.35.〕 The first Palestinian film, a 1935 documentary, was also presented at the Nabi Rubin festivals.〔Gertz and Khleifi, 2008, p. (13 )〕 The writer S. Yizhar, who as a child sneaked over the sands from his home in Rehovot, later described: "One finally arrives at Nabi Rubin and its mosque in the center, to watch by the light of bonfires...or even electricity from portable generators, the performance of the dances, the whirling of the dervishes, the colorful candy wrappers,...the pot-bellied swaying Gypsy woman ....while on the side, the singing keeps sawing away all time, not ceasing until the depths of night..."〔Yizhar: "Silence of the Villages" (in Hebrew), in ''Stories of the Plain'', (Tel Aviv: Zmora Bitan, 1990), 116–17. Cited in Benvenisti, 2000, p. (275 )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Nabi Rubin」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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